Transcription: Let's keep in mind that as we use these functions, although they may appear to be specialized and apply only to our situation, they really do have other applications. One of the applications that you might be thinking of is something like a product code. Sometimes these are 15 and 20 characters, and you need to get to the seventh, eighth, and ninth characters in those codes. And so even though we're not doing that right now, be thinking of those situations as we proceed with this exercise.
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